Three of you are in high school and I hope you know that you have a front row seat in the constitutional questions being raised in Portland. (And in other states.)I recall having teachers who’d have such discussions in my day. I don’t know if that occurs for you. Before I get to Federalist 29, which is rather dry, first look at history. Local political leaders are saying there is no inserrection in Portland. All is mostly calm etc. No need for Trump, national guard or military in Portland. A NY Times reporter has sealed their concept by being filmed stepping out from behind a tree looking for chaos on a very calm looking street. Nothing to see here etc.
Now, as to history, look back to 1957 in Little Rock Arkansas. Democrat Governor Faubus was blocking implementation of the Supreme Court decision: Board vs. Brown. (I hope that is taughtin schools here.) No desegregation was emphasized by Faubus who used the state national guard to block 9 black kids from enetering school. Enter President Eisenhower who sent elements of the 101st Airborne Division into Little Rock to enforce federal law. He also federalized the state national guard away from cntrol of Faubus. All of this centered around one single high school. I’d bet that 99% of Little Rock was otherwise calm.
Other Presidntial actions in regard to deploying the military also has happened. JFK with Executive Order 11111 federalized the Alabama state guard when democrat Governor Wallace stood in a school house doorway. The whole guard for one guy. No riot mayhem there. Calm. Of course, Wallace was also obstructing federal law. In 1989 the military was deployed in he aftermath of Hurricane Hugo. Then in 1992 it was deemed necessary during the LA riots. There is a long history going way back into the 1800’s.
Papa may not be as sharp any more but the names of Justice Story or the Federalist papers still stir memories of law school. “I read a lot of that stuff,” comes to mind. Not going to do an indepth reading now but the gist is still there. States will argue that all is calm and under control by local authorities. The courts will decide. Is it still black letter law that the President has sole decision making whether an exigency exists? What is needed to implement federal law? Precedent can always be changed. However, for your purpose I hope that you do your own thinking about such issues, as dry as the readings may appear. Alexander Hamilton wrote Federalist 29. It deals with the military’s federal deployement. I think Justice Story goes back to the War of 1812. Next legal step at 9th Circuit.